UNIT 1. ACTIVITIES. PARTS AND FUNCTIONS OF A PLANT
A.-Answer these
questions:
1) What are the two main organ systems of a plant?
2) What happens when we prune the roots or the stem of
a plant?
4) How many types of roots can you name?
5) How many parts are stems divided into? Can you name
them?
6) What are the two main functions of the stem?
7) Why do some plants have thorns?
8) What is the main function of the leaves?
9) Can you name the three parts of a typical leaf?
10) Why are veins important in a leaf?
11) What are the names of the male and female organs
in a flower?
12) How can you define the fruit?
13) What do we call the fleshy part of the fruit? What
do we call the peel?
14) How can you define the seed?
B.-QUIZ
C.-TRUE OR
FALSE. CORRECT THE FALSE STATEMENTS:
1.-Pruning a plant or cutting off flowers causes a
temporary damage.
2.-The root system is above the ground.
3.-The stem anchors the plant to the soil.
4.-Roots can store food.
5.-Prop roots come out of the lower nodes of the stem.
6.-Leaves are born in the internodes.
7.- Water and minerals pass up from the root to the
leaves and flowers through the stem.
8.-Food cannot be stored in the stem.
9.- Thorns protect plants from
browsing animals.
10.- Flattened or fleshy
cylindrical stems are usually found in humid regions.
11.- Photosynthesis converts sugar and carbohydrates
into water and carbon dioxide.
12.- The lamina is the green part of the leaf with
veins and veinlets.
13.-The petiole links the leaf to the branch.
14.- Tendrils are used for defense.
15.-Onions and garlic are examples of root
modifications.
16.-The staments produce male sex cells and the carpel
produces female sex cells.
17.- Stigma, style and ovary are
part of the staments.
18.-The seeds protect the fruit.
19.- The seeds are surrounded by the pericarp.
20.- A
seed contains the plant embryo.
21.-Seeds aren’t usually edible.
22.-All the
plants produce seeds.
23.- Concentrated nutrients, for example starches,
proteins, and fats, are found in edible seeds.
D.-COMPLETE THE
TEXTS WITH CORRECT WORDS.
anchor water
roots below food
rhizomes tubers minerals
1.-The root
system is ……………………… ground. The
roots absorb ……………. and ………………… from the soil. They also store …………….. Another
important function of the root is to ……………… the plant in the soil. The root
system includes roots, …………….. (an
enlarged, fleshy, underground stem with buds capable of producing new plants)
and …………………….. (a horizontal stem
that is usually underground and …………………
grow from it).
Leaf base oxygen stem
sugar petiole photosynthesis lamina
carbohydrates
2.-Leaves grow out of the ………..Their main function is
to make food for the plant by the ………….. in which water and carbon dioxide are
transformed into ……………. and ………………….. During this process …………………is released
into the air. Leaves consists of three
main parts: …………………., …………………. and …………..
Style Stalk pollen-sacs carpel stigma staments ovary flower anther
3.-The reproductive organs or the plant are in the ………………. The male organs are called …………. and consist of a …………… and an ……………… The polen grains are produced in …………………… The female organ is called ………………. and consists of three parts named …………………, …………………. and …………………..
exocarp seed fruit endocarp pericarp fleshy mesocarp
4.-When the ovary or the flower is ripened it become the …………….., which is usually …………….. and sweet. Inside the fruit, the ………… that will become a new plant are protected by a tissue called …………………. It consists of three layers called ………………, ……………….. and ………………..
REPHRASINGS AND PASSIVE
SENTENCES
A.-Change these sentences to
the passive voice:
1.-We can
cut flowers. Flowers …………………………………
2.-Different
parts make up a plant. Plants
…………………………………………
3.-The root
system includes roots, tubers and rhizomes.
Roots, tubers and rhizomes…………
4.-The shoot
system includes the stem, leaves, flowers and seed. The stem, leaves, flowers and
seed………………………………………………………………
5.-Some
stems store food.
Food…………………………………………………………………..
6.-The root
absorbs water and minerals form the soil. Water and minerals………………………
7.-A large
number of roots replaces the primary root in monocotyledonous
plants.
The primary
root…………………………………………………………………………….
8.- Hanging
structures support a banyan tree. A banyan tree…………………………
9.- We call them prop roots. They …………………………………………………………
10.-We find
thorns in many plants such as Citrus, Bougainvillea. Thorns………………
Write passive sentences with
these elements:
1.-The stem / normally /divide / into nodes and internodes.
2.-Water from the soil and carbon dioxide from the air / convert / into
sugar and other carbohydrates.
3.-During the process oxygen / form / and release / into the air.
4.-Leaves / often / modify / to
perform functions other than photosynthesis.
5.-Leave / convert / into tendrils for climbing as in peas or into spine [thorns] for defense as
in cacti.
6.- Androecium / compose / of stamens.
7.-The pollen grains / produce / in pollen-sacs.
8.-A sterile stamen / call / staminode.
9.- Gynoecium / make up / of one or more carpels.
10.-Some seeds / use / commercially in the production of oils.
REPHRASINGS
AND EXPRESSING THE CONSEQUENCE
(Learn and practice: http://grammar.reverso.net/P_3_consequence_plus_because_plus_reason.shtml
Pay attention to this sentence:
“Such damage is only temporary and
so the plant will continue to grow”.
We can express it in different way:
“The plant will continue to grow because
such damage is only temporary.”
“The plant will continue to grow due
to the fact that such damage is only temporary.”
“Such damage is only temporary. Therefore,
the plant will continue to grow”.
“Such damage is only temporary. Consequently,
the plant will continue to grow”.
“Such damage is only temporary. For
this reason the plant will continue to grow”.
Rephrase the sentences in two different ways using the linking words in
brackets:
1.-A plant has roots and so
it is anchored to the ground. (because / therefore)
a……………………………………………………………………………………………….
b……………………………………………………………………………………………….
2.-Some plants have got thorns because
these parts protect the plant from browsing animals. (so / for this reason )
a…………………………………………………………………………………………………
b…………………………………………………………………………………………………
3.-Edible seeds are an essential component of an animal diet due to its high content of concentrated
nutrients. (Consequently / because)
a……………………………………………………………………………………………………
b……………………………………………………………………………………………………
4.-Forests are disappearing. Consequently, oxygen is not produced. (due to
the fact / so )
a……………………………………………………………………………………………………………...
b……………………………………………………………………………………………………………...
LABELLING A
DIAGRAM
1.-Label the main parts of a plant:
2.-Draw the main parts of a leaf, flower, fruit and
seed and label them following the images in this unit.
Alejandro Zabala
ResponderEliminar1.- The cork oaks are evergreen
2.- The cork oaks have cork on the trunk
3.- Cork oaks yield acorns
4.- The cork oaks are leafy trees
5.- The scientific name of the cork oak is Quercus suber
Diego Fortuna
ResponderEliminarEl roble:
1- The oak is from the Quercus family
2- Its bark in brown
3- In autumn the leaves fall
4- The fruit it produces in the acorn
5- The oak can measure up to 12 meters high
ALBERTO MATAMOROS CORTÉS
ResponderEliminar- Its trunk is characterized by being short, thick and straight in individuals who are insolated.
- It is a tree belonging to the Fagaceae family.
- It can measure between 16 and 25-30 m in height at maturity.
- You can live up to 700 years.
- The oak flowers in the months os March to May.
ANDREA CHACÓN
ResponderEliminar-The seeds of Pinus pinea are called piñones
-The Pinus pinea is a very important species in Spain
-The Pinus pinea has acicular shaped leaves
-The Pinus pinea is characterized by having a straight trunk
-The Pinus pinea has the rounded cup
AMANDA RODRÍGUEZ MENCÍAS (Lavender)
ResponderEliminar-It is a Mediterranean herb that blooms in summer, from the month of June.
-The flowers are gathered with long pedunculated spikes of 10 to 30 centimeters unbranched violet.
-It was used the Romans primarily to employ relaxing baths. Lavender currently has the ability to relieve both physical and mental stress.
-Lavender is a natural calming for the central nervous system.
-It is used in many spaces for aromatic purposes. You get good perfumes and gels.
JAVIER MOYA CIDONCHA
ResponderEliminarI'm going to talk about yew:
1. Yew is a species of the genus taxus native to western, central and southern Europe.
2. His fruit called aryl is red, soft and fleshy. It’s seeds are poisonous and bitter. All parts of the tree are poisonous.
3. Nowadays yew is usually found in Spain as an isolated tree, mixed with other species.
4. Yews can grow up to 20 metres high. Their slow growth means that they can easily reach 4000 years of life.
5. Yew wood is also widely used in carpentry and joiney because it’s very resistant.
ÁLVARO MARTÍN GONZÁLEZ
ResponderEliminarPINUS PINASTER
1. Pino Pinaster is a tree of the Pinaceae family that spans Spain, Portugal, southern France, Italy, Morocco and small towns in Algeria and Malta.
2. It is located between sea level and about 800 m, although in southern Morocco it can be found up to 2000 m.
3. Pinus Pinaster can grow up about 25 meters high.
4. A principal product is the resin, which is used in the manufacture of cosmetics.
5. Its flowering begins in March until May.
ROBERTO ROBLEDO MERINO
ResponderEliminarCASTANEA SATIVA:
1. The fruit of Castanea sativa it was an important food source, particularly in some regions of Southern Europe.
2.The chestnut is fruit, falls in November to be collected.
3. Its wood is used to make furniture, it's is much appreciated.
4. It's leave have medicinal uses for the respiratory sistem.
5. It's fruit are also called Bravas.
CYNTHIA MARTÍN TIERNO (CHERRY TREE)
ResponderEliminar1) It is a tall and slim tree that can reach 30 meters naturally.
2) The bark is smooth and gray in young individuals.
3) The leaves are deciduous, simple, alternate, serrated, finished in a fine spike and with a very long corner.
4) The fruits are cherries, they have only one bone inside and when they ripen, they are bright and red.
5) The cherry tree has white or pink flowers, they are born before or at the same time as the leaves.
JAIME GONZÁLEZ MARTÍN (ALMOND TREE)
ResponderEliminar1)The almond is a species of tree native to Irán.
2)The almond tree is widely cultivated around the world.
3)The almond is also the name of the widely cultivated and edible seed of this tree.
4)The fruit of the almond tree is a drupe.
5)The almond is a deciduous tree.
ResponderEliminarAitor Miguel Fernández Pérez.
"Drunken tree"
1.- Its the silk floss tree.
2.- In spanish is called drunken stick.
3.- His stem its all corvered of thorns in young stage.
4.- The bark has been used to make ropes.
5.- The fruits are covered by a mass fibrous, fluffy matter same that of cotton or silk.
Marcos Pañero Luna
ResponderEliminarVitis vinifera:
1- If you let to grow, vines can grow up to 30 meters.
2- It has a lot of vitamine C.
3- It comes from southwest of Asia and center and southeast of Europe.
4- The trunk is very flexible.
5- Vines has tendrils in their stems.
Rodrigo Vadillo Jiménez
ResponderEliminarSalix babylonica (Weeping willow)
1. Salix babylonica is a deciduous and dioecious tree.
2. This tree has very long, flexible and fine branches.
3. This tree blooms in spring (March, April and May).
4. The branches hang, because it doesn´t support their own weight.
5. The leaves are very narrow and long.
Pear tree:
ResponderEliminarThe pear tree grows 20m.
It lives around 65 years although It can live until 400 years.
It is a tree which tolerates the cold.
Austria is the most producer of pears.
The flowers of the pear tree are white and Pink.
JESÚS JIMÉNEZ: el castaño
ResponderEliminar-The fruit is called chestnut and serves as food for people and animals
-The chestnut tree is native to Europe and Asia
-The chestnut tree can reach 30 meters high
-The leaves are serrated and expired
-In Extremadura there are in the mountains of the north and in the Villuercas
Pablo Ramos: Olivo
ResponderEliminar- The olive tree has lanceolate leaves
- The olive tree has fasciculated roots
- The olive tree supports drought
- Oil is extracted from it
- The olive tree has evergreen leaves
Arturo Carrasco Sáchez. The Oak.
ResponderEliminar-The oak is a tree of the family of the fagaceas.
-It is a tree native to the mediterranean region.
-It is a tree that can reach 16 to 25 meters high.
-The bark is smooth and greyish green on the stems.
-The oak is a monoecious plant.
Tomás Gil (Ginko)
ResponderEliminar1. It's called "hand fan tree"
2. It's from Asia and usually grows in American climates
3. It's the last survivor of his gender, family and order; "a living fossil"
4. It had medical purposes related to brain
5. Was one of the trees that survived at "Hirosima's Bomb"
Samuel Merchán: ash tree (fresno)
ResponderEliminar1. The ash tree is a very tall tree and casts a lot of shade.
2. The leaves are laid and the seed are inside a samara.
3. The ash tree is threatened by a beetle.
4. It is a kind of deciduous.
5. The ash is very common to see it by the parks of Plasencia.
Guillermo García Arévalo.
ResponderEliminarPopulus alba (Álamo). Poplar/Cottonwood:
1. The poplar tree is widely cultivated around the world because of this tree has a rapid growth.
2. Poplars are often in wetlands or riparian place.
3. This tree can grow from 15–50 m tall, with trunks up to 2.5 m in diameter.
4. The flowers appear in early spring before the leaves.
5. Poplar seeds spread in the wind during the months of May and June lookking like snow.